NVIC Press Releases, Statements & Commentaries Related to Polio

Updated July 08, 2023

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Hearings, Workshops and NVIC Testimony

Preventing Another SV40 Tragedy: Are Today's Vaccine Safety Protocols Effective? US House Government Reform Transcript, Nov 13, 2003
The SV-40 Virus: Has Tainted Polio Vaccine Caused an Increase in Cancer? US House Government Reform Subcommittee on Human Rights and Wellness: - Sept 10, 2003
The SV40 Virus: Has Tainted Polio Vaccine Caused An Increase in Cancer? - Barbara Loe Fisher, Sept 10, 2003
NVIC Statement - Workshop On SV-40: A Possible Human Polyomavirus, Barbara Loe Fisher, Jan 27-28-1997

NVIC Press Releases

NVIC Cites Conflict of Interest in Government Report on SV 40 - January 27, 1998
Consumer Group Questions Use of Oral Polio Vaccine After Scientist Links Live Viral Vaccine To Sick Gulf War Veterans - March 28, 1996

The Vaccine Reaction

Cáceres, M. Polio Outbreaks in Burundi and Other African Nations Caused by Vaccine Strain of the Virus. The Vaccine Reaction Mar. 19, 2023.
TVR Staff. CDC May Bring Back Oral Polio Vaccine in U.S. The Vaccine Reaction Nov. 14, 2022.
Cáceres, M. AFM Vaccine Pushed Despite Lack of Scientific Evidence for Cause of Polio-like Syndrome. The Vaccine Reaction Oct. 17, 2022.
Cáceres, M. Polio Case in New York Caused by “Vaccine-Derived” Poliovirus. The Vaccine Reaction July 24, 2022.
Parpia R. WHO: Polio Outbreak in Sudan Caused by Oral Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 20, 2020.
TVR Staff. Infant Boy in India Dies Hours After Getting Oral Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction July 13, 2020.
TVR Staff. Ugandan Boy Dies of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome After Getting Measles-Rubella, Polio Vaccines. The Vaccine Reaction Dec. 15, 2019.
Fisher BL, Cáceres M. Polio Eradication Stalls with More Wild-Type and Vaccine Strain Polio Outbreaks. The Vaccine Reaction Dec. 7, 2019.
TVR Staff. Infant Girl in India Dies Day After Receiving Oral Polio and Pentavalent Vaccines. The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 11, 2019.
TVR Staff. 11 Cases of Polio-like Paralysis Confirmed Before Onset of AFM “Season”. The Vaccine Reaction July 18, 2019.
Cáceres M. “Vaccine-Derived” Polio on the Rise. The Vaccine Reaction July 17, 2019.
TVR Staff. Polio-like Guillain-Barré Syndrome on the Rise in Peru. The Vaccine Reaction June 27,2019.
TVR Staff. Hundreds of Children in Pakistan Hospitalized After Getting Oral Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction May 9, 2019.
Cáceres M. Under Siege by Critics, CDC Moves to Blame a Virus for Polio-like Cases of AFM. The Vaccine Reaction Nov. 14, 2018.
Fisher BL. OPV Vaccine Plus A Shot of Antibiotics Equals Polio. The Vaccine Reaction Oct. 31, 2018.
TVR Staff. CDC Investigates 155 Cases of ‘Polio-like’ AFM, Confirms 62. The Vaccine Reaction Oct. 24, 2018.
TVR Staff. ‘Modern Polio’ Cases Confirmed in 16 States. The Vaccine Reaction Oct. 10, 2018
TVR Staff. Three Infants in Pakistan Die After Receiving Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction May 13, 2018.
Cáceres M. Redefining Hypertension: A Redefinition Throwback to Polio. The Vaccine Reaction Mar. 24, 2018.
Cáceres M. How Scientific Was the Identification of the Poliovirus? The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 15, 2017.
Raines K A Polio Vaccine Made from Tobacco Leaves? The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 4, 2017.
TVR Staff. Syrian Children Get Polio from Oral Polio Vaccine The Vaccine Reaction June 13, 2017.
TVR Staff. Two Children Die After Polio Vaccination, Four in Critical Condition in Pakistan. The Vaccine Reaction Dec. 27, 2016.
La Vigne P. Mysterious Polio-Like Illness Plaguing Children Stumps CDC. The Vaccine Reaction Nov.17, 2016
Fisher BL. Oral Polio Vaccine Was Contaminated with Monkey Viruses. The Vaccine Reaction Oct. 15, 2016.
Cáceres M. Bernice Eddy Warned of Defective Salk Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction June 23, 2016.
Cáceres M. Our Fixation With Polio and Zika. The Vaccine Reaction Mar. 3, 2016.
Cáceres M. Poliovirus and Zika: What’s Past is Prologue. The Vaccine Reaction Feb. 24, 2016.
Cáceres M. Polio Eradication by 2018: A Pipe Dream. The Vaccine Reaction Jan 23, 2016.
Cáceres M. The Salk Polio Vaccine “Tragedy” The Vaccine Reaction Jan 11, 2016
Siegel S. How the CDC Made 30,000 Polio Diagnoses Disappear. The Vaccine Reaction Oct 2, 2015.
Mercola J. Getting Polio from the Polio Vaccine. The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 12, 2015.
Cáceres M. WHO Reports Two Cases of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Ukraine. The Vaccine Reaction Sept. 6, 2015.
Cáceres M. DDT and the Rise and Fall of Polio. The Vaccine Reaction July 22, 2015.
Fisher BL. India Still Reporting Cases of Polio-like Acute Flaccid Paralysis. The Vaccine Reaction July 9, 2015.
Cáceres M. Polio Wasn’t Vanquished, It Was Redefined. The Vaccine Reaction July 9, 2015.
Cáceres M. The Salk ‘Miracle’ Myth. The Vaccine Reaction Jun 2, 2015.
Live Polio Vaccine Voted Out, The Vaccine Reaction Aug 1996.

Selected medical literature and resources

Razum O, Sridhar D, Jahn A et al. Polio: from eradication to systematic, sustained control. BMJ Glob Health. Aug 20, 2019;4(4):e001633.
Berciano J. Additional arguments supporting that Franklin Delano Roosevelt's paralytic illness was related to Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Med Biogr. May 2018;26(2):142-143.
Becker BE. Sister Elizabeth Kenny and Polio in America: Doyenne or Demagogue in Her Role in Rehabilitation Medicine? PM R. Feb 2018;10(2):208-217.
Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Kutukculer N et al. Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies Are a Reservoir of Poliovirus and a Risk to Polio Eradication. Front Immunol. Jun 13, 2017;8:685.
Goldman AS, Schmalstieg EJ, Dreyer CF et al. Franklin Delano Roosevelt's (FDR's) (1882-1945) 1921 neurological disease revisited; the most likely diagnosis remains Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Med Biogr. Nov 2016;24(4):452-459.
Parker EPK, Molodecky NA, Pons-Salort M et al. Impact of inactivated poliovirus vaccine on mucosal immunity: implications for the polio eradication endgame Expert Rev Vaccines. Aug 3, 2015; 14(8): 1113–1123.
Guo J, Bolivar-Wagers S, Srinivas N et al. Immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) cases: a systematic review and implications for polio eradication. Mar 3, 2015;33(10):1235-42
Mawdsley SE. Polio provocation: solving a mystery with the help of history. Lancet. Jul 26, 2014;384(9940):300-1.
Wyatt HV. Before the Vaccines: Medical Treatments of Acute Paralysis in the 1916 New York Epidemic of Poliomyelitis Open Microbiol J. 2014; 8: 144–147.
Vashisht N, Puliyel J. Polio programme: let us declare victory and move on. Indian J Med Ethics. Apr-Jun 2012;9(2):114-7.
Wyatt HV. The 1916 New York City Epidemic of Poliomyelitis: Where Did the Virus Come From? The Open Vaccine Journal 2011, 4: p13-17.
Juskewitch JE, Tapia CJ, Windebank AJ. Lessons from the Salk polio vaccine: methods for and risks of rapid translation. Clin Transl Sci. Aug. 2010;3(4):182-5.
Grassly NC, Jafari H, Bahl S et al. Asymptomatic Wild-Type Poliovirus Infection in India among Children with Previous Oral Poliovirus Vaccination. J Infect Dis 2010; 201 (10): 1535-1543.
Wringe A, Fine PE, Sutter RW, Kew OM. Estimating the extent of vaccine-derived poliovirus infection. PLoS One. 2008;3(10):e3433.
Puliyel C, Sathyamala C, Banerji D. Protective Efficacy of a Monovalent Oral Type 1 Poliovirus Vaccine Lancet July 2007; 370 (9582): 129.
Sathyamala C. Polio Eradication Programme in India Indian J Med Res May 2007; 125: 695-696.
Rogers N. Race and the Politics of Polio Warm Springs, Tuskegee, and the March of Dimes Am J Public Health. May 2007; 97(5): 784–795.
Martín J. Vaccine-derived poliovirus from long term excretors and the end game of polio eradication. Jun 2006;34(2):117-22.
Fitzpatrick M. The Cutter Incident: How America's First Polio Vaccine Led to a Growing Vaccine Crisis J R Soc Med. Mar 2006; 99(3): 156.
Cutrone R, Lednicky J, Dunn G et al. Some oral poliovirus vaccines were contaminated with infectious SV40 after 1961. Cancer Res. Nov 15, 2005;65(22):10273-9.
Vilchez RA, Butel JS. Emergent Human Pathogen Simian Virus 40 and Its Role in Cancer Clin Microbiol Rev. Jul 2004; 17(3): 495–508.
Goldman AS, Schmalstieg EJ, Freeman DH Jr et al. What was the cause of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's paralytic illness? J Med Biogr Nov. 2003;11(4):232-40.
Garcea RL, Imperiale MJ. Simian virus 40 infection of humans. J Virol. May 2003;77(9):5039-45.
Institute of Medicine (US) Immunization Safety Review Committee Immunization Safety Review: SV40 Contamination of Polio Vaccine and Cancer. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2002.
Letter to the Immunization Safety Review Committee, Michael and Raphaele Horwin, Jul 29, 2002.
Kops SP. Oral polio vaccine and human cancer: a reassessment of SV40 as a contaminant based upon legal documents. Anticancer Res. Nov-Dec 2000;20(6C):4745-9.
Marx A, Glass JD, Sutter RW. Differential Diagnoses of Acute Flaccid Paralysis and It’s Role in Poliomyelitis Surveillance. Epidemiologic Reviews 2000; 22(2): 298-316.
Gromeier M, Wimmer E. Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis. J Virol. Jun. 1998;72(6):5056-60.
Butel JS, Jafar S, Stewart AR, Lednicky JA. Detection of authentic SV40 DNA sequences in human brain and bone tumours. Dev Biol Stand 1998; 94: 23-32.
Martini F, Lazzarin L, Iaccheri L et al. Simian virus 40 footprints in normal human tissues, brain and bone tumors of different histotypes. Dev Biol Stand 1998; 94: 55-66.
Simian Virus 40 (SV40), a Possible Human Polyomavirus (Workshop Held at NIH). Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1997;3(2):245-247.
Carbone M, Rizzo P, Procopio A, et al. SV40-like sequences in human bone tumors. 1996 Aug 1;13(3):527-35.
Lednicky JA, Garcea RL, Bergsagel DJ, Butel JS. Natural simian virus 40 strains are present in human choroid plexus and ependymoma tumors. Oct 1, 1995;212(2):710-7.
Strebel PM, Ion-Nedelcu N, Baughman AL. Intramuscular injections within 30 days of immunization with oral poliovirus vaccine--a risk factor for vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. N Engl J Med. Feb 23, 1995;332(8):500-6.
Vaccine Safety Committee, Institute of Medicine. Polio Vaccines. Adverse Events Associated with Childhood vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality. Washington, D.C. National Academies Press 1994.
Wyatt HV. Injections and poliomyelitis: what are the risks of vaccine associated paralysis? Dev Biol Stand. 1986;65:123-6.
Ratner H et al. The Present Status of Polio Vaccines Illinois Medical Journal 118, no 2, 3, pp 84-93; pp160-168 Edited from a Panel Discussion presented before the Section on Preventative Medicine and Public Health at the 120^th annual meeting of the Illinois State Medical Society in Chicago, May 26, 1960.
Tonsillectomy and Poliomyelitis Am J Public Health Nations Health. Aug. 1954; 44(8): 1065–1067.
Greenberg M, Abramson H, Cooper HM, Solomon HE. The relation between recent injections and paralytic poliomyelitis in children. Am J Public Health Nations Health. Feb. 1952;42(2):142-52.
Siegel M, Greenberg M, Magee MC. Tonsillectomy and poliomyelitis. II. Frequency of bulbar paralysis, 1944-1949. J Pediatr. May 1951;38(5):548-58.
Horstmann DM. Acute poliomyelitis relation of physical activity at the time of onset to the course of the disease. J Am Med Assoc. Jan 28, 1950;142(4):236-41.
KLENNER FR. The treatment of poliomyelitis and other virus diseases with vitamin C. South Med Surg. Jul. 1949;111(7):209-14.
State Department of Public Health. INFANTILE PARALYSIS IN VERMONT 1894-1922 The Vermont Printing Company Brattleboro, VT; 1924.
Manning JVV. The Correlation of epidemic paralysis in animal and man The Medical Times May 1912 p134-137.

Selected Books

Maready F The moth in the iron lung: a biography of polio. United States: Feels Like Fire.2018
Humphries S Bystrianyk R Dissolving illusions: disease, vaccines and the forgotten history. United States: CreateSpace, 2015
Oshinsky, DM. Polio: an American Story. Oxford University Press, 2006.
Bookchin D, Schumacher J The Virus and the Vaccine – The True Story Of A Cancer-Causing Monkey Virus, Contaminated Polio Vaccine, and the millions of Americans Exposed. Martin’s Press, 2004
Paul, JR. A History of Poliomyelitis. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1971

IMPORTANT NOTE: NVIC encourages you to become fully informed about Polio and the Polio vaccine by reading all sections in the Table of Contents, which contain many links and resources such as the manufacturer product information inserts, and to speak with one or more trusted health care professionals before making a vaccination decision for yourself or your child. This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice.